Rare earth elements can be found in many day-to-day technologies, including smartphones, automotive, and the permanent magnets used in wind turbines and electric vehicles. While key towards decarbonisation, rare earths should be sourced sustainably and not at a cost to the environment and society. This project aims to develop a sustainable integrated business model guided by a planetary health approach to develop Malaysia’s rare earths industry. Since the project’s beginning in 2022, the study has organised engagement sessions with government, industry, and non-governmental organisations to gather a holistic perspective on the needs and issues faced by key stakeholders. This ongoing project is done in collaboration with the Academy of Sciences Malaysia for the Ministry of Natural Resources, Environment and Climate Change.